2024届高考英语二轮复习讲义课件：第1部分 语法专题突破 专题3（全国卷Ⅱ）

　　专题强 化训练 2024高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅰ 专题3　动词的时态和语态 考查点 2024 2024 2024 命题趋势 动词时态 全国卷Ⅱ48题[一般现在时] 1.全国卷Ⅱ45题[一般过去时] 2.全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第二处[一般过去时→一般现在时] 全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第四处[一般现在时→一般过去时] 在语法填空及短文改错中侧重考查一般时、进行时及完成时。通常是根据所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主动或被动关系。 动词语态 全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第六处[一般过去时被动语态→一般过去时主动语态] 未考 未考 1．(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空，节选)This cycle_______ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. 2．If it____________(turn) cold again，they’ll dive back

　　down.But they come out again if it is warm.Last，how much

　　will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the

　　winter? 考点一　一般时 goes turns 3．The boy____________(open)his eyes for a moment， looked at the captain，and then died. 4．(2024·辽宁东北育才中学高考适应性模拟)If I hold it for a minute，that’s not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I____________(have) an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you’ll have to call an ambulance. opened will have 1．一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be动词的一般现在时用am/is/are)构成。 My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m..我理想的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。 (2)如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，if和unless引导的条件状语从句及让步状语从句中，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示将来的动作或状态。 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。 2．一般过去时 (1)常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。 (2024·高考重庆卷，单项填空，改编)—Is Peter coming? ——彼得要来吗？ —No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute. ——不来了。在最后时刻接了一个电话后他改变了主意。 (2024·高考湖南卷，单项填空，改编)I wasn’t able to hide

　　my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do

　　now？” 当我问：“你现在想要我做什么？”的时候，我掩饰不住内心的渴望之情。 (2)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect，want等。 Edward，you play so well.But I didn’t know you played the piano. 爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。 3．一般将来时 “shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。 (2024·高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. ——杰克逊博士现在不在办公室。 —All right.I will call him later. ——好的。我稍后给他打电话。 I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party. 我希望你在晚宴上表现得大方得体。 单句语法填空 1． (2024·大庆质量检测二) Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I____________(live) in the heart of a city. 2． (2024·云南昭通二模) Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only____________(provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits. lived provides 3． (2024·吉林白城考前质量检测二) Man changes his living habits in order to adjust to climate，but climate___________ (change) as well，though more slowly.By learning more about his climate，man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life. 4． (2024·四川德阳五校联考)—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday. —I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you________ (be) a bigger man. changes will be 1． (2024·大庆二轮复习检测) He____________(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day. 2．(2024·高考陕西卷，语法和词汇知识，改编)Marty ___________________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 3． (2024·辽宁鞍山一中模拟) McDonald’s __________(work) hard to get its customers back now.In January，the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl. 考点二　进行时 was looking has been working is working 1．现在进行时 (1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或存在的状态。 —I hear you are working in a pub.What’s it like? ——我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？ —Well，it’s very hard work and I’m always tired，but I don’t mind. ——哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，不过我不介意。 (2)某些表示位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive，start，move等词，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。 The ship is leaving for New York soon. 这条船很快就要开往纽约。 2．过去进行时 (1)表示过去某时正在发生的动作,或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作;也可表示过去某个时间段内一直在进行的动作。 I walked slowly through the market，where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. 我慢慢地走过一个市场，人们在那里销售各种各样的水果 与蔬菜。我认真地研究了它们的价格之后，买了些我所需要 的。 (2)短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的 事。 I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。 3．将来进行时 表示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。 —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon? ——今天下午两点我给你回电话可以吗？ —I’m sorry，but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five? ——对不起，那时我正飞往北京，五点钟怎么样？ 单句语法填空 1． (2024·辽宁大连八中高三诊断)“I____________(eat) with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.” 2． (2024·广西南宁模拟) Alice and her classmates_______________(enjoy) their holiday this time next month. 3． (2024·云南师大附中模拟) They have lit our dinnertime，the bedrooms and now I____________(sit) by one in the kitchen. was eating will be enjoying am sitting 1． (2024·云南保山质检) At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then，they__________(set) about finding out how the fire began. 2． (2024·吉林长春市十一高中模拟) One Friday afternoon,after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car,she found that she____________(forget) to buy some sugar. 3． (2024·四川成都七中质检) That was the first time

　　I____________(be) to Hong Kong so I had great difficulty finding the hotel. 考点三　完成时 have set had forgotten had been 一、现在完成时 1．表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成了影响或结果，常与lately，recently，so far，by now，up to/till

　　now，in the last/past few days/years等时间状语连用。 Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺 利，我们确信一定会按时完工。 2．表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常与“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用。 —I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me? ——我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？ —Sorry，I haven’t played the piano for years. ——抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。 二、过去完成时 1．表示到过去某一时间之前动作已经完成，即“过去的过 去”。或表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的 动作或状态，这一动作或状态可能一直持续到过去这一时 刻，也可能将继续下去。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college. 杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 2．有时可表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，常用于该用法的动词有intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等。 He had intended to speak，but time did not permit. 他本想发言，可是时间不允许。 三、完成进行时 完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的动 作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能仍在进行，具有持续性和未完成性。该时态多用于延续性动词。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m..从上午9点开始，经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。 In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。 四、将来完成时 将来完成时表示在将来的某一时间之前将会完成的动作，并往往对将来的某一时间产生影响。由“shall/will＋have＋过去分词”构成。 By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。 名师指津 常用完成时的句型 句型 例句 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句．(since从句用一般过去时) It was/had been＋一段时间＋since从句．(since从句用过去完成时) It was three years since we had been there.我们在那儿已待了三年。 It/This is the first/second/...time＋that sb.have/has done...；It/This was the first/second/...time＋that sb.had done... This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema as a family. 这是我们全家人第一次到电影院看电影。 句型 例句 That/This/It is/was＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句．(从句常用完成时) In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也认为，那是他所写得最好的诗。 Hardly/Scarcely...when...；No sooner...than...(主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时) Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。 单句语法填空 1.(2024·辽宁营口二模) Global oil prices_______________(fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily. 2．(2024·高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)In the last few

　　years，China____________(make) great achievements in

　　environmental protection. have been falling has made 3． (2024·吉林通化质检) Mr.White____________(work) in

　　our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month. 4． (2024·四川南充模拟) By next Thursday，they__________________(complete) the construction of the new school. had worked will have completed 专题强 化训练

　　专题强 化训练 2024高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅰ 专题3　动词的时态和语态 考查点 2024 2024 2024 命题趋势 动词时态 全国卷Ⅱ48题[一般现在时] 1.全国卷Ⅱ45题[一般过去时] 2.全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第二处[一般过去时→一般现在时] 全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第四处[一般现在时→一般过去时] 在语法填空及短文改错中侧重考查一般时、进行时及完成时。通常是根据所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主动或被动关系。 动词语态 全国卷Ⅱ短文改错第六处[一般过去时被动语态→一般过去时主动语态] 未考 未考 1．(2024·高考全国卷Ⅱ，语法填空，节选)This cycle_______ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. 2．If it____________(turn) cold again，they’ll dive back

　　down.But they come out again if it is warm.Last，how much

　　will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the

　　winter? 考点一　一般时 goes turns 3．The boy____________(open)his eyes for a moment， looked at the captain，and then died. 4．(2024·辽宁东北育才中学高考适应性模拟)If I hold it for a minute，that’s not a problem.If I hold it for an hour，I____________(have) an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you’ll have to call an ambulance. opened will have 1．一般现在时 (1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。由动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式(be动词的一般现在时用am/is/are)构成。 My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and ends at 3：30 p．m..我理想的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。 (2)如果主句是一般将来时，那么在由when，while，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，if和unless引导的条件状语从句及让步状语从句中，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，表示将来的动作或状态。 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。 2．一般过去时 (1)常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性的动作。 (2024·高考重庆卷，单项填空，改编)—Is Peter coming? ——彼得要来吗？ —No，he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute. ——不来了。在最后时刻接了一个电话后他改变了主意。 (2024·高考湖南卷，单项填空，改编)I wasn’t able to hide

　　my eagerness when I asked，“What do you wish me to do

　　now？” 当我问：“你现在想要我做什么？”的时候，我掩饰不住内心的渴望之情。 (2)有些句子，虽然没有明确地表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know，think，expect，want等。 Edward，you play so well.But I didn’t know you played the piano. 爱德华，你弹得真好。但是我原来不知道你会弹钢琴。 3．一般将来时 “shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。 (2024·高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. ——杰克逊博士现在不在办公室。 —All right.I will call him later. ——好的。我稍后给他打电话。 I hope you will behave yourself at the dinner party. 我希望你在晚宴上表现得大方得体。 单句语法填空 1． (2024·大庆质量检测二) Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I____________(live) in the heart of a city. 2． (2024·云南昭通二模) Therefore，maintaining a healthy diet not only____________(provide) your body with energy but also numerous health benefits. lived provides 3． (2024·吉林白城考前质量检测二) Man changes his living habits in order to adjust to climate，but climate___________ (change) as well，though more slowly.By learning more about his climate，man will find a way to adapt to or control it and live a more comfortable life. 4． (2024·四川德阳五校联考)—I was very angry with Kelvin yesterday. —I know your feelings，but if you forgive him，you________ (be) a bigger man. changes will be 1． (2024·大庆二轮复习检测) He____________(look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day. 2．(2024·高考陕西卷，语法和词汇知识，改编)Marty ___________________(work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. 3． (2024·辽宁鞍山一中模拟) McDonald’s __________(work) hard to get its customers back now.In January，the company ran an advertisement during the Super Bowl. 考点二　进行时 was looking has been working is working 1．现在进行时 (1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或存在的状态。 —I hear you are working in a pub.What’s it like? ——我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？ —Well，it’s very hard work and I’m always tired，but I don’t mind. ——哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，不过我不介意。 (2)某些表示位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive，start，move等词，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。 The ship is leaving for New York soon. 这条船很快就要开往纽约。 2．过去进行时 (1)表示过去某时正在发生的动作,或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作;也可表示过去某个时间段内一直在进行的动作。 I walked slowly through the market，where people were selling all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. 我慢慢地走过一个市场，人们在那里销售各种各样的水果 与蔬菜。我认真地研究了它们的价格之后，买了些我所需要 的。 (2)短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的 事。 I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我本打算那天晚些时候去看你，但是我不得不打电话取消了。 3．将来进行时 表示将来某时或某一时段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。 —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon? ——今天下午两点我给你回电话可以吗？ —I’m sorry，but by then I will be flying to Beijing.How about five? ——对不起，那时我正飞往北京，五点钟怎么样？ 单句语法填空 1． (2024·辽宁大连八中高三诊断)“I____________(eat) with my wife and children，”he said，“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.” 2． (2024·广西南宁模拟) Alice and her classmates_______________(enjoy) their holiday this time next month. 3． (2024·云南师大附中模拟) They have lit our dinnertime，the bedrooms and now I____________(sit) by one in the kitchen. was eating will be enjoying am sitting 1． (2024·云南保山质检) At last firefighters have put out a big forest fire in California.Since then，they__________(set) about finding out how the fire began. 2． (2024·吉林长春市十一高中模拟) One Friday afternoon,after she had finished shopping and had taken all the things to her car,she found that she____________(forget) to buy some sugar. 3． (2024·四川成都七中质检) That was the first time

　　I____________(be) to Hong Kong so I had great difficulty finding the hotel. 考点三　完成时 have set had forgotten had been 一、现在完成时 1．表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成了影响或结果，常与lately，recently，so far，by now，up to/till

　　now，in the last/past few days/years等时间状语连用。 Progress has been so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.到目前为止，工作进展得很顺 利，我们确信一定会按时完工。 2．表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常与“since＋时间点”或“for＋时间段”等表示一段时间的状语连用。 —I remember you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me? ——我记得你在大学时是一位极有才华的钢琴师。你能为我弹钢琴吗？ —Sorry，I haven’t played the piano for years. ——抱歉，我好多年没有弹钢琴了。 二、过去完成时 1．表示到过去某一时间之前动作已经完成，即“过去的过 去”。或表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的 动作或状态，这一动作或状态可能一直持续到过去这一时 刻，也可能将继续下去。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college. 杰克从英国回到家时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 2．有时可表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，常用于该用法的动词有intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等。 He had intended to speak，but time did not permit. 他本想发言，可是时间不允许。 三、完成进行时 完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的动 作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能仍在进行，具有持续性和未完成性。该时态多用于延续性动词。 The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m..从上午9点开始，经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改进这个项目。 In order to find the missing child，villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.为了找到那个失踪的孩子，过去的五小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切。 四、将来完成时 将来完成时表示在将来的某一时间之前将会完成的动作，并往往对将来的某一时间产生影响。由“shall/will＋have＋过去分词”构成。 By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等史密斯先生到达超市时，我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。 名师指津 常用完成时的句型 句型 例句 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句．(since从句用一般过去时) It was/had been＋一段时间＋since从句．(since从句用过去完成时) It was three years since we had been there.我们在那儿已待了三年。 It/This is the first/second/...time＋that sb.have/has done...；It/This was the first/second/...time＋that sb.had done... This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema as a family. 这是我们全家人第一次到电影院看电影。 句型 例句 That/This/It is/was＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句．(从句常用完成时) In his view，too，that was the best poem that he had ever written.他也认为，那是他所写得最好的诗。 Hardly/Scarcely...when...；No sooner...than...(主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时) Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。 单句语法填空 1.(2024·辽宁营口二模) Global oil prices_______________(fall) since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily. 2．(2024·高考北京卷，单项填空，改编)In the last few

　　years，China____________(make) great achievements in

　　environmental protection. have been falling has made 3． (2024·吉林通化质检) Mr.White____________(work) in

　　our school for nearly forty years before he retired last month. 4． (2024·四川南充模拟) By next Thursday，they__________________(complete) the construction of the new school. had worked will have completed 专题强 化训练