2024职称英语考试《理工类C级》考试真题
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1、 This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.
A．open
B．sudden
C．cruel
D．direct
2、 The frame needs to be strong enough tosupport the engine.
A．bottom
B．surface
C．top
D．structure
3、 Traffic reaches its rush hour between8:00 and 9:00 in themorning.
A．border
B．goal
C．level
D．peak
4、 She came across three children sleepingunder a bridge.
A．passed by
B．found by chance
C．took a notice of
D．woke up
5、 She gets aggressive when she is drunk.
A．worried
B．sleepy
C．anxious
D．offensive
6、 I grabbed his arm and made him turn tolook at me.
A．threw
B．broke
C．stretched
D．seized
7、 I tried to detach myself the reality ofthese terrible events.
A．separate
B．bring
C．put
D．set
8、 It seemed incredible that he had beenthere a week already.
A．right
B．obvious
C．unbelievable
D．unclear
9、 There is no other choice, she saidin a harsh voice.
A．unkind
B．firm
C．soft
D．deep
10、 We found shelter from the rain under thetrees.
A．defense
B．standing
C．room
D．protection
11、 The odd thing was that hedidnt recognize me.
A．strange
B．real
C．whole
D．same
12、 That performance was pretty impressive.
A．completely
B．beautifully
C．very
D．equally
13、 We have to change the publics perception that money is everything.
A．sight
B．interest
C．belief
D．pressure
14、 He was tempted by the high salaryoffered by the company.
A．attracted
B．taught
C．kept
D．changed
15、 I have little information as regards herfitness for the post.
A．at
B．about
C．with
D．from
第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信患，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
16、回答16-22题
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker(修补) with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices. Theyrethe best toys out there, says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Chose!is a roboticist, a person who designs, builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved cars, trains, animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later, in high school, he built mobilerobots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots, he studied computer science in college. But whenhe got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Chosetslabmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars: robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and fight. But snakes can twist (扭曲) inmany directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain (地形). Snakes are far moreinteresting than the cars, Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his colleagues there begandeveloping their own snake robots. Cbosets team programmed robots to perform the samemovements as real snakes, such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in waysthat snakes usually dont, such as rolling. Chosets snake robots could crawl (爬行) throughthe grass, swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Cboset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heartsurgeries, the doctor has to open a patients chest, cutting through the breastbone. Recoveringfrom these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation byinstead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati, a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School, toinvestigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and thentested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his teams creations, I still dont get bored of watching the motion of my robots, Choset says.
Choset began to build robots in high school.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
17、 Snake robots could move in only four directions.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
18、 Choset didnt begin developing his own snake robots until he started working Carnegie Mellon.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
19、 Chosets snake robots could make more movements than the ones others developed.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
20、 The application of a thin robotic snake makes heart surgeries less time-consuming.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
21、 Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
22、 The robotic technology for surgeries on people has brought a handsome Medrobot- ics.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
23、回答23-30题
Ecosystem
1. The word ecosystem is short for ecological (生态的) system. An ecosystem is whereliving creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the naturalenvironment where biological organisms (生物) such as plants, animals and humans co-existin this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes, we are all members of anecosystem !
2. There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment.Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest. Some areman-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation (合居) between living and non-livingthings in a monitored environment, such as a zoo or garden.
3. Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem, and thatsbecause they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need airand collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and its fruits or flowerseventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms (微生物 ) and evenhumans, of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function, and thishappens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
4. Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things. We depend on plants and animalsfor food. In order for us to exist, we need to grow and care about other organisms. We alsoneed to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we cancontinue living as a population. Since plants, animals and humans are all of various species(物种), we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
5. To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy, which happens when weconsume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat ( 栖息地) of plants and animals, and allow them to grow. healthily for the cycle to continue.Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement (搬迁)： imagine being thrown out ofyour home because there is no more space for everyone. Worse, overpopulation can also ruinthe environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.
Paragraph 2_______
A．What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
B．What are different types of ecosystems?
C．What is an ecosystem?
D．What destroys ecosystems?
E．How does an ecosystem work?
F．Why are ecosystems important?
24、 Paragraph 3_______
A．What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
B．What are different types of ecosystems?
C．What is an ecosystem?
D．What destroys ecosystems?
E．How does an ecosystem work?
F．Why are ecosystems important?
25、 Paragraph 4_______
A．What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
B．What are different types of ecosystems?
C．What is an ecosystem?
D．What destroys ecosystems?
E．How does an ecosystem work?
F．Why are ecosystems important?
26、 Paragraph 5_______
A．What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
B．What are different types of ecosystems?
C．What is an ecosystem?
D．What destroys ecosystems?
E．How does an ecosystem work?
F．Why are ecosystems important?
27、 In an ecosystem, plants, animals and humans live together in_______
A．our share of resources
B．a biological creature
C．a given area
D．the maintenance of the ecosystem
E．the source of food
F．various species
28、 Plants are essential in an ecosystem because to other living creatures they are_______
A．our share of resources
B．a biological creature
C．a given area
D．the maintenance of the ecosystem
E．the source of food
F．various species
29、 Plants, animals and humans are all effective in_______
A．our share of resources
B．a biological creature
C．a given area
D．the maintenance of the ecosystem
E．the source of food
F．various species
30、 To protect our ecosystems we should not use more than_______
A．our share of resources
B．a biological creature
C．a given area
D．the maintenance of the ecosystem
E．the source of food
F．various species
第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31、回答31-45题
Energy and Public Lands
The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal ofUS energy production, the U. S. Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing ( 租赁) both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf Production from these sourcesamounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.
In 2000, 32 percent of US oil, 35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal wereproduced from federal lands, representing 20, 000 producing oil and gas leases and 135producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of allundiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.
Revenues from federal oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to UStaxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999, for example, $ 553 million in oil and gasrevenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-India coal leases accounted for over $ 304million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also playa critical role in energy delivery. Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way fortransmission lines, rail systems, pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production anduse.
Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energyproduction, though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal (地热)resources produce about 7. 5 billion kilowatt-hours (千瓦时) of electricity per year, 47percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2, 960 wind turbineson public lands in California alone, producing electricity for about 300, 000 people. Federal hydropower facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with influence onforeign off sources, pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming moreintense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluatedthrough the land use planning process. If development of energy resources conflicts withmanagement or use of other resources, development restrictions or impact moderation measuresmay be enforced, or mineral be banned altogether.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues.
B．Public lands play an important role in energy production.
C．Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage.
D．Public lands store huge energy resources for further development.
32、 Which of the following statements is true of public lands in the U. S. ?
A．The majority of undiscovered natural gas is stored there.
B．Half of US energy is produced there.
C．Most of coal was produced from there in 2000.
D．Most energy resources are reserved there.
33、 Geothermal resources, wind turbines, and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 cited as examples to illustrate that_______.
A．the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is huge
B．alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy production
C．they are the most typical conventional energy resources from public lands
D．geothermal resources are more important than the other two
34、There is a mounting pressure on public lands to satisfy US energy demands_______.
A．the U. S. is demanding more and more energy
B．many Americans are unhappy with energy development in foreign countries
C．quite a few public lands are banned for energy development
D．many Americans think public lands are being abused
35、 Public lands can be used for energy development when_______.
A．energy development restrictions are effective
B．federal land managers grant permissions
C．they go through the land use planning process
D．there is enough federal budget
36、回答36-50题
When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach
Our senses arent just delivering a strict view of whats going on in the world; theyre affected by whats going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-relatedwords more clearly than people whove just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that whats going on, inside our head affects oursenses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry peoplethink pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France,wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signalsfrom the eyes or a little later as the brains high-level thinking processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test,each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Thenthey were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others weregiven an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experimentand the other half had just eaten.
