2024届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 6《Healthy Diet》（重大版必修1）
Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．guarantee /ˌærən′tiː/ n．保证(人/物)
2．diet /daIət/ n．饮食；食物
3．fresh /fre/ adj.新鲜的
4．extra /ekstrə/ adj.额外的；临时的
5．function /fʌŋkʃn/ vi.起作用
6．lack /læk/ vi.缺乏；不足
7．available /əveIləbl/ adj.可利用的；可得到的
8．complex /kɒmpleks/ adj.复杂的
9．attend /ətend/ vt.参加
10．scientist /saIəntIst/ n．科学家
11．saying /seIIŋ/ n．谚语；格言
12．evidence /evIdəns/ n．证据
13．stress /stres/ vt./n.强调；着重
14．mood /muːd/ n．心情；情绪
15．nutrition /njuːtrIʃn/ n．营养→nutritional adj.营养的→nutritionist n．营养学家→nutritious adj.有营养的
16．variety /vəraIətI/ n．多样(性)→various adj.各种各样的→vary vi./vt.(使)变化，改变
17．balance /bæləns/ vt.使保持平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
18．properly /prɒpəlI/ adv.恰当地；正确地→proper adj.恰当的；适合的
19．contribute /kəntrIbjuːt/ vi.提供；有助于……→contribution n．贡献；捐助物
20．concentration /ˌknsen′treIʃn/ n．集中注意力；专心→concentrate vi./vt.专心于；注意
.重点短语识记
1．get...from...从……获得……
2．enable_sb.to_do_sth.使某人能做某事
3．as_long_as只要
4．depend_on...取决于……；依赖……
5．contribute_to...有助于……
6._be_lacking_in_sth.某物不足；不够
7．cut_out 剪掉；删掉；放弃
8．lose_weight减肥
9．gain_weight增加体重
10．instead_of...(用……)代替……
11．advise_sb.to_do_sth.建议某人做某事
12．a_large_breakfast一顿丰盛的早餐
13．be_up_to...长达……
14．stress_the_importance_of...强调……的重要性
15．for_example例如
.经典原句默写与背诵
1．As_long_as_people_eat_enough_dairy_foods，eggs，and_meat，they can get essential proteins.
只要人们吃足够的奶制品，鸡蛋和肉，他们就能获取必要的蛋白质。
2．Nutritional value depends on what_types_of_food_you_eat，not_when_you_eat_them.
营养价值取决于你吃什么类型的食物，而不是取决于你什么时候吃。
3．Eating_a_hardboiled_egg_or_an_orange_as_a_snack can contribute to a wellbalanced diet.
作为零食，吃一个煮鸡蛋或橘子都有利于均衡饮食。
4．It’s_widely_believed_that extra vitamins provide more energy.
人们普遍相信额外的维生素会提供更多能量。
1．His study has made great contributions to the development of physics.(contribute)
2．Rose’s parents made sure that she lacked for nothing.(lack)
3．The population of India is concentrated in large cities.(concentrate)
4．It means maintaining a balanced and healthy diet.(balance)
5．They are not serviced properly.(proper)
6．Many people once experienced fear for various reasons.(variety)
7．Is the country on its way to becoming a boiled frog？(boil)
8．They can make your life pretty stressful.(stress)
1
a variety of＝varieties of种种的；各种各样的
vary from...to...由……到……不等/变化
vary with随……变化
vary in在……方面变化
In our school，there are various kinds of activities，for example，arts and sports.
在我们学校里有各种各样的活动，例如艺术和体育。(2011·四川·书面表达)
特别提醒
(1)a variety of/varieties of后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)the variety of＋复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
夯实基础
用vary的适当形式填空
(1)They were late for the meeting for a variety of reasons.
(2)There are various plants and flowers in the park.
(3)The weather here varies with seasons.
(4)Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
2balance n.均衡，平衡；天平，秤；余额；vt.使保持平衡；权衡keep steady；使相等，相抵be/keep equal
keep/lose one’s balance保持/失去平衡
on balance总的来说
off balance失去平衡的
balance...against权衡，比较
keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食
I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.
我发现在结冰的路面上走时很难保持平衡。
图解助记
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)I was thrown off balance，and the more I ignored the sorrow，the more it seemed to grow.
(2)Before making the final decision，you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
(3)I think，on balance，I prefer the new education system.
3
contribute v.捐献；捐助give money or goods to...；是……的原因之一be one of the causes of sth.；贡献；投稿write...for...
contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to＝result in/lead to有助于；导致；把时间投入到……
make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献
Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?
你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？
He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。
图解助记
夯实基础
(1)I’m sure your suggestion will contribute_to_solving(有助于解决) the problem.
(2)同义句改写
Various factors contributed to his downfall.
Various factors resulted_in/led_to/were_responsible_for/caused his downfall.
4
(a) lack of缺少……
for/through lack of因缺少……
no lack of ……充足的
lack in...在……方面缺乏
lack (for) sth.缺少某物
Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.
他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。
It lacks the power of the Italian cars.
它没有意大利轿车动力强劲。
夯实基础
(1)For_lack_of_time(由于缺乏时间)，we cannot discuss the details at present.
(2)同义句改写
The green hand is lacking in practical experience.(用short改写句子)
The green hand is short_of practical experience.
5
concentrate (one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力于；专注于
be concentrated in/on/around...集中在……；汇集于……
专心于……
I can’t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.
有噪音我不能集中精力学习。
We must concentrate our attention on improving education.
我们必须致力于改进教育工作。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.
(2)If you apply yourself to the work in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
(3)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
(4)She is absorbed in music.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great________of goods.
A．variety
B．mixture
C．extension
D．combination
答案 A
解析 a variety of各种各样的。
2．As is known to all，a ________ diet should keep your body healthy.
A．balance
B．balanced
C．balancing
D．balance of
答案 B
解析 balanced为形容词，意为“平衡的”，符合题意。
3．The athlete tried his best to ________ his balance in his new shoes while skating.
A．manage
B．keep
C．lose
D．hold
答案 B
解析 句意为：这位运动员穿着新鞋滑冰时尽力保持平衡。keep one’s balance保持平衡。
4．His profound learning and sharp eyes ________ this new discovery.
A．contributed to
B．referred to
C．objected to
D．came to
答案 A
解析 contribute to导致，是……的原因之一。
5．As a senior high student，you should ________ your energy on how to master the skills of learning.
A．impress
B．spend
C．concentrate
D．use
答案 C
解析 句意为：作为高中生，你应该把精力集中在掌握学习的技巧上。concentrate...on把……集中于……。
6．Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a________of exercise.
A．limit
B．lack
C．need
D．demand
答案 B
解析 句意为：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼息息相关。根据句意，所表达的应是“缺乏”的意思。limit限制；need需要；demand需求。故选B项。
.汉译英
1．有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科幻书、文学书等等。(variety)(2024·江西·书面表达)
There_are_a_variety_of_books_for_us_to_choose_from，like_history_books，science_books，literary_books_and_so_on.
2．现在，大自然的平衡正在被破坏，天气变得越来越暖和。(balance)(2011·重庆·书面表达)
Nowadays，the_balance_of_nature_is_being_destroyed_and_the_weather_is_getting_warmer_and_warmer.
1．He has decided to cut_out smoking and drinking.
2．Instead_of lending a hand，he laughed at us.
3．I didn’t mind as_long_as_the customers enjoyed the food.
4．I’d like to keep a pet—for_example，a dog.
5．Most of them depend_on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds.
1
as far as远至；就……来说
as well as和……一样好；不但
as soon as一……就……
In our life we may meet many failures，as long as we have tried our best，there’s no need to feel regret for these failures.
生活中我们可能遇到许多失败，但只要我们尽了力，就没有必要为失败而后悔。(2024·湖南·书面表达)
夯实基础
(1)In ancient times，people rarely travelled long distance and most farmers only travelled as_far_as (远到)the local market.
(2)—What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I’ll probably go for a walk later on so/as_long_as(只要) it stays fine.
2
depend on sb.to do...依靠某人做……
depending on取决于……
depend on it that...指望……；相信……
It/That (all) depends.视情况而定。
近义短语：rely on/upon，count on/upon
The cooking time needed depends on the size of the potato.
所需的烹饪时间取决于土豆的大小。
He depended on his writing for his income.
他靠写作赚取收入。
夯实基础
同义句改写
You can depend on him to help you.
(1)You can depend on it_that_he_will_help_you.(用it改写句子)
(2)You can depend on his_help_to_you.(用名词改写句子)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．She found it hard to keep both ends meet，so the hostess decided to________on daily necessities.
A．cut off
B．cut down
C．cut up
D．cut back
答案 D
解析 句意为：由于发现入不敷出，女主人决定削减日常必需品开支。cut off切断；cut down on减少……的量；cut up切碎；cut back on削减。故D项符合句意。
2．—How do you like Dalian，Jane?
—It’s a most beautiful city.I have ________ it for my holiday this year.
A．depended on
B．carried on
C．decided on
D．taken on
答案 C
解析 答语句意为：大连是个非常美丽的城市。我已决定今年到那儿度假。depend on依赖，依靠，取决于；carry on继续；decide on sth.决定，选定；take on承担，接受。只有C项符合题意。
3．It is obvious that she ________，for she looks much slimmer than she did last year.
A．has gone on diet
B．has lost weight
C．has put on weight
D．has cut down weight
答案 B
解析 句意为：很显然，她减肥了，因为她看起来比去年苗条多了。lose weight减肥。
4．The more I think about him，the more reasons I find for loving him ________ I did.
A．as much as
B．as long as
C．as soon as
D．as far as
答案 A
解析 句意为：我越考虑他的情况；我就越能找到更多爱他如此深的理由。as much as在句中作程度状语。as long as只要，长达……；as soon as尽快；as far as远达……，就……而言，均不符合句意。
.汉译英
他们相信下次只要我更加努力学习我就能成功。(as long as)(2010·广东·读写任务)
They_believe_I_can_succeed_next_time_as_long_as_I_work_harder.
用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
(1) I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida.I am_taking my mum.(take)
(2) Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane is_taking_off.(take off)
(3) Because the shop is_closing_down，all the Tshirts are sold at half price.(close down)
(4)They are_leaving for Hong Kong this afternoon. (leave)
(5)—Are you still busy?
—Yes，I am_finishing my work，and it won’t take long.(finish)
It’s widely believed that extra vitamins provide more energy.人们普遍相信额外的维生素会提供更多能量。
