2024高三英语二轮复习（江苏专用）A 核心考点（核心 规律 技巧）课件：A4

　　A．there is

　　B．there was C．there to be

　　D．there being 答案　D　[句意：我不知道有这么多的人在公园里，D项为there be句型的­ing形式。可知本题选D。]

　　④I wondered at ________so many people in the park. (1)It is impossible for there to be such mistakes. (2)My wish is there to be a good job waiting ahead.　 (3)There being no bus, we had to walk home. (4)There to be guests, we're occupied with preparations.

　　there to be n．/pron.将要有/将要存在 there being n．/pron.已经有/已经存在

　　2．含义 性质作用 名 师 招 招 鲜

　　非谓语动词解题“黄金法则” 法则一　辨析考查涉及的非谓语动词的语法成分及形式 1．辨析应用谓语动词还是非谓语动词。解此类题目时，首先应注意辨析所缺少的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，这样才能作出正确的选择。 2．分析句子所缺少的成分，以便选择恰当的形式。非谓语动词在句中通常可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补足语等。 法则二　分析非谓语动词动作发生的时间

　　由非谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间决定其形式是此类题目考查的一个重点。因此，弄清非谓语动词所 表示的动作发生的时间与整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作发生时间的先后顺序是解题的关键。这种先后顺序通常有三种：同时发生；在整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生；在整个句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生。 法则三　辨析非谓语动词动作与其逻辑主语是主谓关系还是动宾关系

　　非谓语动词与句子主语之间的关系是此类题目考查的另一个重点。解题的关键是弄清非谓语动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系。 法则四　熟记一些固定或特殊的用法、搭配和结构

　　如果在掌握上述三条解题原则的基础上对非谓语动词的一些固定或特殊用法和搭配加以识记，定会事半功倍。 * Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed ________

　　(catch)． ②I can hardly imagine Peter ________(sail)across the

　　Atlantic Ocean in five days. ③I would appreciate your ______(call)back this afternoon. ④The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief

　　________(catch)． ⑤She didn't remember ________(meet)him before. ⑥We've always deeply regretted ________(sell)the house. ⑦This dictionary can't help ________(learn)the language. ⑧—When do you plan to leave?

　　—I mean ________(leave)tomorrow. 答案　①being caught　②sailing　③calling　④being caught　⑤meeting/having met　⑥selling/having sold　⑦(to)learn　⑧to leave

　　A．attacking

　　B．having attacked C．being attacked

　　D．having been attacked 答案　C　[句意：最近，中国加强对黄岩岛附近水域的管控，以防止中国船在南海受到攻击。本题考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语Chinese fishing boats与非谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以排除A和B；根据句意知，加强管控的目的是为了防止受到攻击而不是防止已经被攻击，所以排除D。故答案为C项。]

　　Ⅱ.单项填空 ①(2024·福建卷)China recently tightened its waters controls

　　near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats

　　from ________in the South China Sea.

　　A．to watch

　　B．to watching C．watching

　　D．watch 答案　C　[spend...doing sth花费……做某事。]

　　②(2024·上海卷)According to a recent US survey, children

　　spend up to 25 hours a week ________TV.

　　决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。

　　主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 (decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg) 此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。 I can't afford to wait that long. 1．常跟不定式作宾语的动词

　　考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。

　　避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。

　　禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 (consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy(想象，设想)；avoid, miss, keep/keep on，practice; deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; can't help, mind, allow/permit, escape) He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.

　　2．常跟动名词作宾语的动词 3．下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定

　　式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。

　　4．在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾

　　语；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用动词不定式作

　　宾语补足语。

　　(全国卷)The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him ________． A．not to

　　B．not to do C．not do it

　　D．do not to 答案　A　[考查不定式省略。]

　　热点4·7

　　—Sorry, I can't remember but I ________． A．would rather do not

　　B．would rather did not C．would rather have not

　　D．had better not 答案　C　[考查不定式省略。]

　　A．used to

　　B．used to be C．used to do

　　D．used to have 答案　B　[考查不定式省略。在省略的不定式结构中含有be，则应保留，故答案B正确。]

　　①—Did you inform her? ②He is thinner than he ________．

　　不定式省略

　　※不定式的省略一定要和一些特殊句型中不定式标志to省略区分开。省do保to是不定式的省略；省to保do是不定式标志的省略。

　　1．为避免重复不定式可在上下文中省略，仅保留to

　　①vt. to do(不定式作宾语) Come here any time if you want to(come here)．

　　2．不定式省略模式 ②vt. sb/sth to do(不定式作宾补) I can help you when you wish me to(help you)． ③be adj./p.p. to do(不定式作主补) Never leave unless (you're)told to(leave)． 常出现在下列动词之后：expect, hope, wish, mean, prefer, care, forget, want, try；或出现在be glad/happy, would like/love等的后面。

　　I haven't been to Hong Kong, but I wish to. 我没去过香港，但我希望去(那里)。 3．如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be, have, have been，则

　　这些词要保留。 —Are you on holiday？——你在度假吗？ —No, but I'd like to be.——不是，但我希望是(在度假)。 —I didn't tell him the news.——我没告诉他那个消息。 —Oh, you ought to have.——噢，你应该(早)告诉(他)。

　　(2024·陕西卷)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ________an even greater challenge. A．meets

　　B．meeting

　　C．meet

　　D．to meet 答案　D　[固定结构。] (2024·辽宁卷)This machine is very easy ________．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A．operating

　　B．to be operating C．operated

　　D．to operate 答案　D　[It be adj.(for)A to do B句型变式。]

　　热点4·8 点击进入word

　　We could do nothing but/other than wait. 我们除了等待什么都不能做。 He had no choice but to wait. 他别无选择，只能等待。 另外，在cannot choose but, cannot help but(只好)，cannot but(只好)，had better, would rather后面的不定式也要省略to。

　　1．动词不定式在but, other than，except后面时，如果but，

　　other than之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么其后的不定

　　式不带to，否则就要带to，即“前有do，后省to”。 He cannot choose but stay on. 他没办法只好待下去。 I cannot but agree to his terms. 我只得同意他的条件。 I would rather stay than do anything else. 我宁愿留下来也不愿做别的。

　　①不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式在逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。 Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon？(A knife cuts the watermelon.) 你有切西瓜的刀吗？

　　2．不定式的主动形式和被动形式 ②不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 She has a sister to look after.(She looks after her sister.)她有个妹妹要照看。 ③不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for sb。 It be adj.(for)A to do B It is difficult for him to understand this book. B be adj. (for A)to do

　　This book is difficult(for him)to understand.这本书(对他来说)很难读懂。 He is a person easy to go with. 他是个容易相处的人。

　　There is a lot of work to do.(Someone has to do the work.)有很多工作要做。 There is a lot of work to be done.(The work has to be done.)有很多工作有待被做。

　　3．在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某

　　件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本

　　身必须被完成，则用被动形式。 4．动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中

　　常用动名词作主语。

　　It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。

　　5．动词need, require, want后跟动名词主动形式或不定式被

　　动形式作宾语；跟不定式作宾补。特别注意be worth与be

　　worthy的区别。 6．注意以下表达的意义区别

　　(2024·安徽卷)When ________for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A．asking

　　B．asked C．having asked

　　D．to be asked 答案　B　[when(he was)asked for...job状语从句省略。]

　　热点4·9

　　A．being carried out

　　B．carrying out C．carried out

　　D．to carry out 答案　C　[句意：实验表明，如果有规律地作适量的锻炼，就能够提高身体的健康状况。首先，if carried out＝if it is carried out，依句意可知it＝proper amounts of exercise，与carry out构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词表被动含义。而being carried out意为：正在被开展；carrying out与to carry out表主动含义，所以C项正确。]

　　①(2010·浙江卷)The experiment shows that proper amounts

　　of exercise, if________regularly, can improve our health.

　　A．performed

　　B．performing C．to be performed

　　D．being performed 答案　A　[动词­ed形式作状语，表示被动，即表示贝多芬的作品是“被演奏”。performing是动词­ing形式，表示主动。另外根据frequently这个词，to be performed(将被演奏)和being performed(正在被演奏)都不对，应该选performed。]

　　②(广东卷)No matter how frequently ________，the works

　　of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.

　　(详见省略见状语从句热点讲解)

　　When you are questioned by the police, you'd better tell it as it is. ＝When questioned by the police, you'd better tell it as it is. ＝Questioned by the police, you'd better tell it as it is.

　　1．状语从句引导词＋非谓语系状语从句省略所致 2．其作用相当于非谓语动词作状语 (全国卷)I've worked with children before, so I know what ________in my new job. A．expected

　　B．to expect C．to be expecting

　　D．expects 答案　B　[考查省略句，what to expect＝what I should expect。]

　　热点4·10 (北京卷)—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else ________，is there? A．who to turn to

　　B．she can turn to C．for whom to turn

　　D．for her to turn 答案　B　[事实上这是个定语从句，答句省略了that，完整的答句应该是There is no one else(that)she can turn to, is there？而turn to sb也是固定搭配，意为：“向某人寻求帮助”。而这里的“sb”就是指前面的no one。故本题选B。] ※高考较多考查名词性wh­to do (1)My puzzle is when to start. ＝My puzzle is when I should start. (2)I'll paint the building in which to start your school. ＝I'll paint the building in which you'll start your school.

　　(全国卷)He never dreamt of ________for him to be sent abroad very soon. A．being a chance

　　B．there being a chance C．there to be a chance

　　D．there's a chance 答案　B　[there being a chance作dream of的宾语，相当于宾语从句that there was a chance。]

　　热点4·11

　　A．Not there being

　　B．There being not C．There not being

　　D．There was not 答案　B　[此句子是表明原因的独立主格结构。变成原因状语从句就是：As there was not enough time, we didn't finish the work或者There was not enough time, so we didn't finish the work.就是说，如果选D，句子里必须有as/so这样的连接词来连接前后两句。故选B。]

　　①________enough time, we didn't finish the work.

　　A．there be

　　B．there being

　　C．there is

　　D．there to be

　　答案　A　[A项为there be句型的不定式形式，在let后应接省去to的不定式作宾补。]

　　A．there be

　　B．there being

　　C．there is

　　D．there to be

　　答案　D　[there to be为存在句型的不定式形式]

　　②I won't let ________any trouble. ③I don't want ________any trouble at all.

　　3．某些表示情绪的形容词，如喜、怒、哀、乐等后跟不

　　定式表示原因

　　I'm glad to see you.

　　(2024·课标全国卷Ⅰ卷)The party will be held in the garden, weather ________． A．permitting

　　B．to permit

　　C．permitted

　　D．permit 答案　A　[考查独立主格。weather permitting相当于if weather permits。]

　　热点4·2

　　A．having

　　B．had

　　C．have

　　D．to have 答案　A　[句意：蝙蝠是一种寿命长得惊人的生物，一些蝙蝠寿命可长达约20年。题干中并没有从属连词或并列连词，设空处应为非谓语动词，故排除B、C两项；D项表示将来的动作。根据句意可知答案为A项。]

　　①(2011·浙江卷)Bats are surprisingly long­lived creatures,

　　some ________a life span of around 20 years.

　　A．There to be no bus B．There being no bus C．There having no bus D．There to have no bus 答案　B　[考查独立主格结构。There being no bus＝Because there is no bus。]

　　A．is ill

　　B．was ill

　　C．to be ill

　　D．ill 答案　D　[句意：妈妈病了，她感到难过，故选D。] ②________，I had to walk home. ③Mother ________，she felt sad. 1．结构：名词/代词(主格)＋非谓语形式(名词/主格的代词和其后的非谓语形式有逻辑主谓或动宾关系)

　　常见形式

　　※副词必须为表状态或处所的 Parents out, I feel lonely.

　　2．功能：一般作状语 独立主格 3．联系：相当于同样逻辑的状语从句(主、从句主语不一

　　致或with介词复合结构)

　　Book in hand，the teacher came in.

　　＝With a book in his hand, the teacher came in.

　　＝When/While a book was in his hand, the...in.

　　(2024·辽宁卷)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________them. A．to follow

　　B．following

　　C．followed

　　D．follows 答案　B　[考查with介词复合结构。with their pet dog following them作伴随状语。]

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