2024届高考英语一轮复习课时训练：Unit 11 The Media
课时作业11 Unit 11 The Media
一、单元扣点
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．This matter is now under ________(考虑)．
答案 consideration
2．What is your ________(态度) towards this question?
答案 attitude
3．He didn't pass the exam, but it was a good ________(尝试)．
答案 attempt
4．Welcome back again for ________(观光)．
答案 sightseeing
5．This ________(环境的) effect of this new factory could be disastrous.
答案 environmental
6．The citizens d________ an immediate answer from the government.
答案 demanded
7．Don't b________ the failure on him, but on me.
答案 blame
8．We need some lawyers to d________ us.
答案 defend
9．It is not allowed to a________ the forbidden area.
答案 approach
10．The students show great r________ for their history teacher.
答案 respect
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．当地居民对这一消息表示非常气愤。(react to)
答案 Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.
2．为了赶上他们，他已尽了一切努力了。(do everything)
答案 He has done everything he could to catch up with them.
3．顾客可以向老板投诉饭店内的低劣服务。(protest about)
答案 Guests can protest about the bad service of the restaurant to the owner.
4．警察告诫人们不要靠近燃烧的建筑物。(keep away from)
答案 Police warned the people to keep away from the burning building.
5．他们由于努力工作而成功。(by)
答案 They succeeded by working hard.
二、阅读理解
(2024•湖南卷)
In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, “No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a sixstory brick building?
That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house璵oving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hoteli, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.
语篇解读 芝加哥早期城市规划不合理，一遇洪灾路面就会十分泥泞，后来在工程师Ellis Chesbrough和George Pullman的努力下，成功将城市路面以及建筑物提高，避免路面受洪灾影响，但这又导致了另外一个问题的出现。
1．The author mentions the joke to show ________.
A. horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B. Chicago's streets were extremely muddy
C. Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D. the Chicago people were particularly humorous
答案与解析 B 考查细节理解。从文章第一段的内容可知，作者讲这个笑话是为了证明芝加哥的路面十分泥泞。
2．The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to ________.
A. get rid of the street dirt
B. lower the Chicago River
C. fight against heavy floods
D. build the pipes above ground
答案与解析 第三段第一句“An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt”可得出答案。
3．The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means “________”．
A. change
B. lift
C. repair
D. decorate
答案与解析 B 考查词义猜测。根据文章第四段画线词后面的“Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily”可知，hoist与lift同义。
4．What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?
A. It went on smoothly as intended.
B. It interrupted the business of the hotel.
C. It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
D. It separated the building from its foundation.
答案与解析 A 考查推理判断。根据第五段最后一句“Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening”可推断出Tremont Hotel的移动工程进行得很顺利。
5．The passage is mainly about early Chicago's ________.
A. popular lifestyles and their influences
B. environmental disasters and their causes
C. engineering problems and their solutions
D. successful businessmen and their achievements
答案与解析 C 考查主旨大意。根据整篇文章可知，本文主要讲的是芝加哥早期(关于城市规划)的工程问题以及解决方案。
三、完形填空
(2024•河北唐山模拟)
Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day.
However, her __1__ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere. The last thing she __2__ was a blinding flash of light. In hospital, when told she would never __3__again, she couldn't believe it. Three months later, she was __4__out of hospital on a wheelchair. Then a friend came to her house to visit her with an old children's storybook. A bookmark in it made her __5__ to page 117. The name of the __6__ was “The Day Clara Walked”. She was determined to return to stage whatever it might cost.
__7__， after a year's hard exercise, Svetlana recovered and was able to display her gymnastics. While she was sitting on the green bench __8__ the Athens Olympic Stadium, memories __9__： first, the pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those eyes that had once held __10__ for her talent. Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked on__11__， their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, __12__she could balance the hoop (圈) as well as her teammates. She registered for the 2004 Olympic Games, and finally she received __13__ from the Olympic Committee.
Her __14__ was interrupted by the attendant who said, “It's time”， two words that she had been __15__ to hear for so long. Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each __16__ firm and steady. Everything was __17__， and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart __18__ violently against her chest.
Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old__19__on the shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter “The Day Clara Walked”， tears __20__ her vision.
1．A. intention
B. dream
C. life
D. career
2．A. remembered
B. forgot
C. experienced
D. suffered
3．A. see
B. dance
C. sing
D. walk
4．A. wheeled
B. rocked
C. thrown
D. rushed
5．A. point
B. relate
C. open
D. adapt
6．A. bookmark
B. page
C. story
D. chapter
7．A. Fortunately
B. Surprisingly
C. Suddenly
D. Certainly
8．A. outside
B. inside
C. beneath
D. opposite
9．A. squeezed out
B. faded away
C. mixed up
D. flooded in
10．A. fright
B. admiration
C. sympathy
D. regret
11．A. cheerfully
B. thankfully
C. nervously
D. doubtfully
12．A. until
B. while
C. as
D. once
13．A. approval
B. praise
C. support
D. access
14．A. plan
B. thought
C. attempt
D. sight
15．A. eager
B. content
C. upset
D. proud
16．A. breath
B. wave
C. step
D. look
17．A. unexpected
B. perfect
C. awful
D. finished
18．A. fighting
B. striking
C. kicking
D. hammering
19．A. hoop
B. letter
C. book
D. dress
20．A. rolling
B. filling
C. clouding
D. rushing
答案与解析
语篇解读 奇迹总是降临在那些面临困境却怀有梦想、意志坚定的人的身上。该文主人公Svetlana的故事就是一个例证。
1．B 根据第一段的内容可知，Svetlana学体操，一直梦想着有一天进入奥运现场。故此处出现转折，表示她的梦想因车祸而破灭，应选择B项。intention“意图，目的”；dream“梦想”；life“生命”；career“事业，生涯”。
2．A 她能记起的最后一件事情是一道刺眼的闪光。remember“记得”；forget“忘记”；experience“经历”；suffer“遭受”。
3．D 根据下文中的“she was __4__ out of hospital on a wheelchair”可推知，她被告知不能再走路了，故选择D项。
4．A 根据下文中的“on a wheelchair”可知，她坐在轮椅上被推出了医院。wheel“用有轮之物推动”；rock“缓缓摇动”；throw“扔”；rush“迅速移动”。
5．C 书里的书签使她把书打开到117页。第19空后的“which opened to page 117”也是提示。point“指向”；relate“联系”；open“打开”；adapt“适应”。
6．D 根据最后一段中的“to the chapter‘The Day Clara Walked’”可知，应选择D项。chapter“章，篇”。
7．B 经过一年的艰苦训练，Svetlana康复了并能表演体操，这是令人惊奇的事，因此选择B项。
8．A 根据倒数第二段中的“Smoothing her dress，she walked into the stadium”可知，此时她是坐在体育场外的长椅上，故选择A项。
9．D Svetlana坐在长椅上回忆起经历的一切，记忆一下子涌了进来。squeeze out“把……挤出”；fade away“逐渐消逝”；mix up“弄混”；flood in“大量涌入”。
10．B 根据空格后的“for her talent”并结合选项可知，此处表示曾经因她的才能而羡慕的人。fright“惊吓”；admiration“羡慕，赞赏”；sympathy“同情”；regret“感到遗憾，懊悔”。
11．D 根据下文中的“their disbelief”可知，在体育场人们怀疑地观望着。cheerfully“欢快地”；thankfully“感激地”；nervously“不安地”；doubtfully“怀疑地”。
12．C 当Svetlana能和她的队友一样平衡圈时，人们的怀疑慢慢地变成了惊奇。as表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。注意while引导时间状语从句时，谓语动词须是延续性动词。
13．A 根据上下文可知，她报名参加2004年奥运会，并最终获得了奥委会的批准。approval“批准”；praise“赞扬”；support“支持”；access“入径”。
14．B 文章第三段主要介绍Svetlana坐在长椅上回忆经历的一切，此时她的思绪被服务员打断，因为该她上场了，故选择B项。
15．A 能参加奥运会是Svetlana的梦想，告知该她上场比赛的话是她一直渴望听到的。eager“渴望的”，be eager to do“渴望做”；content“满意”；upset“沮丧”；proud“骄傲的”。
16．C 根据前文中的“Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium”可知，此时她的每一步都走得坚定而沉稳。step“步伐”。
17．B 根据下文中的“and the applause rang loud in her ears”及最后一段中的“Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket”可知，她的表演非常完美。unexpected“出乎意料的”；perfect“完美的”；awful“可怕的”；finished“完成了的”。
18．D (由于激动)她的心在胸腔里猛烈地跳动。fight“打架”；strike“打，击”；kick“踢”；hammer“连续敲打”。
19．C 根据空格后的内容可知，Svetlana应是把金牌放在了那本旧书上。
20．C 泪水模糊了她的视线。roll“滚动”；fill“填满”；cloud“使模糊”；rush“迅速移动”。
