2024届高考英语一轮复习分层限时跟踪练：选修8-Unit 2《Cloning》（人教版新课标含解析）

　　分层限时跟踪练

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．These early settlers owed(owe) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

　　2．When the clock strikes(strike) six，the children go home for dinner.

　　3．We are working on the assumption(assume) that it was a gas explosion.

　　4．There is not much difference(differ) in price between the two computers.

　　5．It is forbidden(forbid) to sell alcohol to those under the age of 18 here.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．It remains to be seen if the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

　　if→weather

　　2．She sent the word that she would be late.

　　去掉the

　　3．Whether we need to spend more time on the project have not been discussed.

　　have→has

　　4．We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know exactly what she wants.

　　【答案】　exact→exactly

　　5．Lots of people don't bother go through a marriage ceremony these days.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　bother后加to

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．他是否要参加这次会议还没有确定呢。(whether)

　　Whether_he_will_attend_the_meeting_or_not has not been decided.

　　2．不要这么沮丧。打起精神来。(cast down)

　　Don't_be_so_cast_down.Just keep up your spirits.

　　3．他得用余生来还清那笔贷款。(pay off)

　　It would take him the rest of his life to pay_off_that_loan.

　　4. 我突然有了一个很好的想法——我可以用存下来的钱帮助农村的一名贫困学生。(strike)

　　A_bright_idea_suddenly_struck_me_that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student

　　in the countryside.

　　5．由于他不在，我们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。(owing to)

　　Owing_to_his_absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　(2024·唐山一模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach，which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

　　If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor

　　Yiannis Aloimonos，leader of the group，said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

　　“At present，the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally，we took our own videos，our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And，as the robot advances，it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality home­made videos.”

　　So far，the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts，such as grasping a spoon，bringing it to the bowl，stirring the salad and observing the results.

　　But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task，the so­called feedback(反馈意见)；another is the introduction of language.

　　“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的)language，”he added.“But，”he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

　　【答案速查】　1－4　BADC

　　【语篇解读】　机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。

　　1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on”probably can be replaced by________.

　　A．take hold ofB．make use of

　　C．keep track of

　　D．catch sight of

　　【解析】　词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息，结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“与……保持联系”；catch sight of“看到”。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot________.

　　A．can not fully digest what it learns

　　B．can not make a simple salad

　　C．can follow home­made videos

　　D．can understand metaphorical language

　　【解析】　推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。

　　【答案】　A

　　3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because________.

　　A．they can easily follow fixed programs

　　B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

　　C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

　　D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

　　【解析】　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。

　　【答案】　D

　　4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A．Robots Creating a New World

　　B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

　　C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

　　D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

　　【解析】　标题判断题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅴ.完形填空

　　When I was walking through the forest，I heard weeping.I followed the sound of the soft cry until I saw a woman sitting on the snow.Her eyes were filled with tears for her heavy __1__ from life.I sat on the cold snow with her and I __2__ her my shoulder and my ears.

　　“What is your name？”，she asked.I smiled at her.__3__，my name is Jane，but to comfort her，I said，“My first name is __4__，my middle name is Hope and my last name is Compassion(同情)．” I saw a __5__ smile come upon her face as I asked her“what is your name？”“My name is Ann __6__ I had given up hope.”I read her a poem through which I __7__ the message of self­worth to her.Others will __8__ us when we love ourselves.__9__，it is important for one to have self­worth.After I shared the __10__，we talked a while and then I __11__ a wild rose that was in the snow.It was __12__ that there was a wild rose in such weather.I placed the rose in her hand and __13__ appeared in her eyes.Then I felt kind of __14__ at her change and handed her a piece of paper with my number on it.I walked away.She called me cheerfully the next day and expressed her __15__ to me.She told me I truly lived up to my name.__16__，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion.

　　We all need someone in life to say I believe in you.__17__ is as rare as a rose in the snow.When you __18__ it，don't let it ever die.Life is too __19__ to thank all the people who have encouraged us.We should receive and give encouragement __20__ let unimportant things stand in our way.

　　【答案速查】　1－5　DCADA　6－10　DCBBA

　　11－15　ABCDC　16－20　CDDBA

　　【语篇解读】　作者看到一个女士在雪地里哭泣，在作者的安慰和鼓励下，那个女士恢复了生活的信心。

　　1．A.body B．head

　　C．waist

　　D．heart

　　【解析】　根据句意，因来自生活的沉重心情(heart)，她的眼里充满泪水。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．A.shared

　　B．fetched

　　C．offered

　　D．brought

　　【解析】　根据后文my shoulder and my ears可知，作者提供(offered)肩膀让那位伤心的女士依靠，提供耳朵倾听她讲话。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．A.Actually

　　B．Eventually

　　C．Especially

　　D．Specially

　　【解析】　根据后文my name is Jane可知，作者的真实名字是Jane。所以此处选择实际上(Actually)。

　　【答案】　A

　　4．A.Career

　　B．Inspiration

　　C．Command

　　D．Faith

　　【解析】　根据后文，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion可知，作者说出她的名字是信心(Faith)……。

　　【答案】　D

　　5．A.forced

　　B．puzzled

　　C．tired

　　D．worried

　　【解析】　因为那位女士正在哭泣，当作者问她的名字时，她的脸上出现勉强的(forced)微笑。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．A.so

　　B．because

　　C．or

　　D．but

　　【解析】　根据句意，那个女士说：“我的名字叫作Ann，但是(but)我已经放弃希望了。”

　　【答案】　D

　　7．A.transformed

　　B．left

　　C．conveyed

　　D．took

　　【解析】　根据句意，通过这首诗，我向她传递(conveyed)了自尊这一信息。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．A.adopt

　　B．treasure

　　C．tolerate

　　D．serve

　　【解析】　根据句意可知，我们爱自己，别人才会珍惜(treasure)我们。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．A.However

　　B．Therefore

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Moreover

　　【解析】　根据前后文，我们爱自己，别人才会爱我们。因此(Therefore)，自尊对一个人来说很重要。

　　【答案】　B

　　10．A.poem

　　B．meal

　　C．sadness

　　D．story

　　【解析】　由上文的I read her a poem可知，此处是指作者和那位女士分享了那首诗(poem)之后，又聊了一会。

　　【答案】　A

　　11．A.picked up

　　B．brought back

　　C．took over

　　D．took away

　　【解析】　根据后文a wild rose可知，作者捡起(picked up)一朵野生的玫瑰花。

　　【答案】　A

　　12．A.usual

　　B．rare

　　C．easy

　　D．simple

　　【解析】　根据后文there was a wild rose in such weather可知，作者说在这种天气长野玫瑰是很少见的(rare)。

　　【答案】　B

　　13．A.disappointment

　　B．worry

　　C．smile

　　D．satisfaction

　　【解析】　作者将玫瑰花放在那个女士手中，那个女士的眼中出现了微笑(smile)。这表明在作者的安慰下那个女士的情绪好转了，她破涕而笑。

　　【答案】　C

　　14．A.concern

　　B．security

　　C．shock

　　D．relief

　　【解析】　根据前文微笑出现在她的眼中可知，作者对她的改变感到有点放松(relief)。

　　【答案】　D

　　15．A.regret

　　B．hope

　　C．gratitude

　　D．interest

　　【解析】　根据句意，第二天她兴高采烈地给我打电话，并且表达了对我的感激(gratitude)。

　　【答案】　C

　　16．A.Unbelievably

　　B．Slowly

　　C．Obviously

　　D．Naturally

　　【解析】　根据句意，明显地(Obviously)，她已经找到了自己的信心，希望和同情。

　　【答案】　C

　　17．A.Relationship

　　B．Pleasure

　　C．Friendship

　　D．Encouragement

　　【解析】　根据后文作者对鼓励的论述，可知作者说鼓励(Encouragement)像那雪地里的玫瑰，是那么罕见。

　　【答案】　D

　　18．A.choose

　　B．pass

　　C．create

　　D．receive

　　【解析】　根据后文don't let it ever die可知，作者说当你收到(receive)了鼓励，你就不要让它凋谢。

　　【答案】　D

　　19．A.good

　　B．short

　　C．slow

　　D．happy

　　【解析】　作者说人生太短暂(short)了，以至于我们无法感恩每个鼓励过我们的人。

　　【答案】　B

　　20．A.rather than

　　B．other than

　　C．now that

　　D．in case

　　【解析】　根据句意，我们应该接受和给予鼓励而不是(rather than)让无关紧要的事情挡在我们的路上。

　　【答案】　A

　　分层限时跟踪练

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．These early settlers owed(owe) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.

　　2．When the clock strikes(strike) six，the children go home for dinner.

　　3．We are working on the assumption(assume) that it was a gas explosion.

　　4．There is not much difference(differ) in price between the two computers.

　　5．It is forbidden(forbid) to sell alcohol to those under the age of 18 here.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．It remains to be seen if the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

　　if→weather

　　2．She sent the word that she would be late.

　　去掉the

　　3．Whether we need to spend more time on the project have not been discussed.

　　have→has

　　4．We may ask her a few questions to make sure we know exactly what she wants.

　　【答案】　exact→exactly

　　5．Lots of people don't bother go through a marriage ceremony these days.

　　____________________________________________________

　　【答案】　bother后加to

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1．他是否要参加这次会议还没有确定呢。(whether)

　　Whether_he_will_attend_the_meeting_or_not has not been decided.

　　2．不要这么沮丧。打起精神来。(cast down)

　　Don't_be_so_cast_down.Just keep up your spirits.

　　3．他得用余生来还清那笔贷款。(pay off)

　　It would take him the rest of his life to pay_off_that_loan.

　　4. 我突然有了一个很好的想法——我可以用存下来的钱帮助农村的一名贫困学生。(strike)

　　A_bright_idea_suddenly_struck_me_that I could use the money I saved to help a poor student

　　in the countryside.

　　5．由于他不在，我们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。(owing to)

　　Owing_to_his_absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　(2024·唐山一模)Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new.But robots able to learn how to cook by watching videos are a completely different approach，which is conducted by a group of researchers at the University of Maryland.

　　If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.University of Maryland's professor

　　Yiannis Aloimonos，leader of the group，said “There exists a large amount of video information on the Internet that our robots can capitalize_on.”

　　“At present，the videos are fed electronically，”said research scientist Cornelia Fermuller.“Originally，we took our own videos，our cameras looking at us doing the cooking，”she explained.“And，as the robot advances，it reacts to good quality videos.And it will react to even lower quality home­made videos.”

　　So far，the robot named Julia can make a simple salad by breaking each task into basic parts，such as grasping a spoon，bringing it to the bowl，stirring the salad and observing the results.

　　But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.He thinks one of the problems is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during a certain task，the so­called feedback(反馈意见)；another is the introduction of language.

　　“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的)language，”he added.“But，”he said，“we don't need that to create a new world where the robots will be working for us.”

　　【答案速查】　1－4　BADC

　　【语篇解读】　机器人按既定指令完成任务并不让人觉得新鲜，但能看着视频学做饭的机器人，你可能前所未闻。

　　1．The underlined phrase “capitalize on”probably can be replaced by________.

　　A．take hold ofB．make use of

　　C．keep track of

　　D．catch sight of

　　【解析】　词义猜测题。由第二段的第一句“If you have posted a video of your favorite recipe on the popular website YouTube，chances are that it will be used by a robot.”可知，机器人能利用网上大量的视频信息，结合第二段的最后一句可知，capitalize on应与“use”意思相近，因此选择B项。take hold of“握住”；make use of“利用”；keep track of“与……保持联系”；catch sight of“看到”。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．Aloimonos probably agrees that at present the robot________.

　　A．can not fully digest what it learns

　　B．can not make a simple salad

　　C．can follow home­made videos

　　D．can understand metaphorical language

　　【解析】　推理判断题。根据最后一段Aloimonos的话可知，该机器人目前还不能理解比喻性的语言。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可推知，Aloimonos可能认为目前该机器人还不能完全消化它学的东西，应选择A项。

　　【答案】　A

　　3．Robots are taught to understand a video mainly because________.

　　A．they can easily follow fixed programs

　　B．they are smart enough to learn cooking

　　C．cooking videos are more interesting to watch

　　D．predetermined instructions are not flexible

　　【解析】　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句“But why teach a robot...a fixed program？Aloimonos believes predetermined instructions lack flexibility.”可知，教机器人理解视频是因为预定指令不够灵活，应选择D项。

　　【答案】　D

　　4．Which of the following might best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A．Robots Creating a New World

　　B．Robots Making Cooking Videos

　　C．Robots Learning to Cook by Watching Videos

　　D．Robots Performing Tasks by Following Instructions

　　【解析】　标题判断题。文章主要介绍了通过观看视频学做饭的机器人，因此C项是最佳标题。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅴ.完形填空

　　When I was walking through the forest，I heard weeping.I followed the sound of the soft cry until I saw a woman sitting on the snow.Her eyes were filled with tears for her heavy __1__ from life.I sat on the cold snow with her and I __2__ her my shoulder and my ears.

　　“What is your name？”，she asked.I smiled at her.__3__，my name is Jane，but to comfort her，I said，“My first name is __4__，my middle name is Hope and my last name is Compassion(同情)．” I saw a __5__ smile come upon her face as I asked her“what is your name？”“My name is Ann __6__ I had given up hope.”I read her a poem through which I __7__ the message of self­worth to her.Others will __8__ us when we love ourselves.__9__，it is important for one to have self­worth.After I shared the __10__，we talked a while and then I __11__ a wild rose that was in the snow.It was __12__ that there was a wild rose in such weather.I placed the rose in her hand and __13__ appeared in her eyes.Then I felt kind of __14__ at her change and handed her a piece of paper with my number on it.I walked away.She called me cheerfully the next day and expressed her __15__ to me.She told me I truly lived up to my name.__16__，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion.

　　We all need someone in life to say I believe in you.__17__ is as rare as a rose in the snow.When you __18__ it，don't let it ever die.Life is too __19__ to thank all the people who have encouraged us.We should receive and give encouragement __20__ let unimportant things stand in our way.

　　【答案速查】　1－5　DCADA　6－10　DCBBA

　　11－15　ABCDC　16－20　CDDBA

　　【语篇解读】　作者看到一个女士在雪地里哭泣，在作者的安慰和鼓励下，那个女士恢复了生活的信心。

　　1．A.body B．head

　　C．waist

　　D．heart

　　【解析】　根据句意，因来自生活的沉重心情(heart)，她的眼里充满泪水。

　　【答案】　D

　　2．A.shared

　　B．fetched

　　C．offered

　　D．brought

　　【解析】　根据后文my shoulder and my ears可知，作者提供(offered)肩膀让那位伤心的女士依靠，提供耳朵倾听她讲话。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．A.Actually

　　B．Eventually

　　C．Especially

　　D．Specially

　　【解析】　根据后文my name is Jane可知，作者的真实名字是Jane。所以此处选择实际上(Actually)。

　　【答案】　A

　　4．A.Career

　　B．Inspiration

　　C．Command

　　D．Faith

　　【解析】　根据后文，she had found her faith，her hope and her compassion可知，作者说出她的名字是信心(Faith)……。

　　【答案】　D

　　5．A.forced

　　B．puzzled

　　C．tired

　　D．worried

　　【解析】　因为那位女士正在哭泣，当作者问她的名字时，她的脸上出现勉强的(forced)微笑。

　　【答案】　A

　　6．A.so

　　B．because

　　C．or

　　D．but

　　【解析】　根据句意，那个女士说：“我的名字叫作Ann，但是(but)我已经放弃希望了。”

　　【答案】　D

　　7．A.transformed

　　B．left

　　C．conveyed

　　D．took

　　【解析】　根据句意，通过这首诗，我向她传递(conveyed)了自尊这一信息。

　　【答案】　C

　　8．A.adopt

　　B．treasure

　　C．tolerate

　　D．serve

　　【解析】　根据句意可知，我们爱自己，别人才会珍惜(treasure)我们。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．A.However

　　B．Therefore

　　C．Otherwise

　　D．Moreover

　　【解析】　根据前后文，我们爱自己，别人才会爱我们。因此(Therefore)，自尊对一个人来说很重要。

　　【答案】　B

　　10．A.poem

　　B．meal

　　C．sadness

　　D．story

　　【解析】　由上文的I read her a poem可知，此处是指作者和那位女士分享了那首诗(poem)之后，又聊了一会。

　　【答案】　A

　　11．A.picked up

　　B．brought back

　　C．took over

　　D．took away

　　【解析】　根据后文a wild rose可知，作者捡起(picked up)一朵野生的玫瑰花。

　　【答案】　A

　　12．A.usual

　　B．rare

　　C．easy

　　D．simple

　　【解析】　根据后文there was a wild rose in such weather可知，作者说在这种天气长野玫瑰是很少见的(rare)。

　　【答案】　B

　　13．A.disappointment

　　B．worry

　　C．smile

　　D．satisfaction

　　【解析】　作者将玫瑰花放在那个女士手中，那个女士的眼中出现了微笑(smile)。这表明在作者的安慰下那个女士的情绪好转了，她破涕而笑。

　　【答案】　C

　　14．A.concern

　　B．security

　　C．shock

　　D．relief

　　【解析】　根据前文微笑出现在她的眼中可知，作者对她的改变感到有点放松(relief)。

　　【答案】　D

　　15．A.regret

　　B．hope

　　C．gratitude

　　D．interest

　　【解析】　根据句意，第二天她兴高采烈地给我打电话，并且表达了对我的感激(gratitude)。

　　【答案】　C

　　16．A.Unbelievably

　　B．Slowly

　　C．Obviously

　　D．Naturally

　　【解析】　根据句意，明显地(Obviously)，她已经找到了自己的信心，希望和同情。

　　【答案】　C

　　17．A.Relationship

　　B．Pleasure

　　C．Friendship

　　D．Encouragement

　　【解析】　根据后文作者对鼓励的论述，可知作者说鼓励(Encouragement)像那雪地里的玫瑰，是那么罕见。

　　【答案】　D

　　18．A.choose

　　B．pass

　　C．create

　　D．receive

　　【解析】　根据后文don't let it ever die可知，作者说当你收到(receive)了鼓励，你就不要让它凋谢。

　　【答案】　D

　　19．A.good

　　B．short

　　C．slow

　　D．happy

　　【解析】　作者说人生太短暂(short)了，以至于我们无法感恩每个鼓励过我们的人。

　　【答案】　B

　　20．A.rather than

　　B．other than

　　C．now that

　　D．in case

　　【解析】　根据句意，我们应该接受和给予鼓励而不是(rather than)让无关紧要的事情挡在我们的路上。

　　【答案】　A