2024届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解解析版汇编：77（含解析）
2024高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（77）
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
(2024·福州质检)Let's face it.No one drinks diet sodas for the taste.People drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect，according to a new study.
Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didn't drink diet sodas.“What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank，the more weight they were likely to gain，”said Sharon Fowler.
The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large，ongoing research project，where the participants were followed for nearly 10 years.
While the findings are surprising，they also offer some explanations.
Nutrition expert，Melanie Rogers，who works with overweight patients in New York，has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet sodas，they don't lose weight at all.“We weren't seeing weight loss necessarily，and that was confusing to us，”said Rogers.
So why would diet soda cause weight gain？No one knows for sure yet，but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet sodas，and so over－compensate for the missing calories.
A related study found some sweeteners(甜味剂)raised blood sugar levels in some mice.“Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky.”said Helen P．Hazuda，professor at the University of Texas's school of medicine.“They may be free of calories，but not of consequences.”
【语篇解读】 一项新的研究表明，喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会使体重增加。
1．People drink diet sodas to ________. A．enjoy its taste
B．stay in fashion
C．achieve weight loss
D．gain more energy
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight...”可知。
答案 C
2．The new study suggests that drinking diet sodas ________.
A．causes people to become heavier
B．helps people to be healthier
C．makes people much thinner
D．offers people more calories
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，新的研究表明喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会让体重增加。
答案 A
3．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．regular sodas make people lose more weight
B．diet soda drinkers tend to eat more food
C．diet sodas do help reduce calories
D．most blood diseases come from diet sodas
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...they can eat more if they drink diet sodas...”可知，喝低糖汽水的人趋向于吃更多的食物。
答案 B
4．The underlined word“They”in the last paragraph probably refers to “________”．
A．sweeteners
B．diet sodas and artificial sweeteners
C．sodas
D．diet soda drinkers and sweetener takers
解析 词义猜测题。此处是承接上一句中的内容，故“They”指的是“低糖汽水和人造甜味剂”。
答案 B
A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
An international business specialist group has announced that the move towards a green economy is becoming more urgent for emerging economies(新兴经济体)，especially South Africa.
On Monday，Innovation Group announced that green economic policies were becoming increasingly important on the global landscape and for emerging economies.
According to Pule Mokoena，from Innovation Group，experts believe the adoption of these green policies will assist with“ailing(不景气的)economies”．“The move to a green economy，such as the adoption of alternative energy solutions，should be adopted by economies and countries.”
Mokoena's comments came as Greenpeace Africa called on the South African government to review its decision to include nuclear energy into the country's energy plan.
In order to avoid all energy crisis in the country，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal.
For this reason，nuclear energy will account for 23 percent of South Africa's energy needs，followed by coal at 15 percent，hydro at six percent，gas six percent，turbines six percent and renewable energy 42 percent.
However，Pule said there are other options for South Africa's energy needs.
“Too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the long－term benefits，”explained Mokoena.
Nobel economics winner Joseph Stiglitz and the former World Bank chief economist agree with Mokoena and believe that the need to switch to green technology should be seen as an opportunity and not as a burden.
When in South Africa earlier this year，Stiglitz said a switch to green technology would stimulate demand for a range of goods and services，which would have a beneficial impact on the aftermath of the global recession.
He urged policymakers not to be held back by short－term perspectives.
Innovation Group has already developed a reliable alternate energy solution，which the company believes will change the landscape of this emerging market and other companies will follow suite and offer renewable energy solutions for emerging economies.
“We are quickly becoming an industry leader in this space thanks to our in－house expert knowledge on the various SWH technologies available and the application of our Business Process Outsourcing Solutions，which allow for the mass roll－out of these technologies on a national scale.We are proud to be an active part of the solution to the current energy crisis and plan to become a major force in the drive towards sustainability and good environmental practice，”Pule said.
【语篇解读】 像南非这样的新兴经济体经历了经济的快速发展之后会面临能源危机，而走绿色发展道路是唯一的出路。
．Which of the following is the best title for this text?
A．Advantages of Green Energy
B．Green Policies Vital for Emerging Economies
C．Potential Energy Crisis for Emerging Economies
D．How to Develop Green Energy
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是像南非这样的新兴经济体会在发展中遇到能源危机，因此走绿色发展道路显得很重要，政府应在这方面出台相应的政策。故B项作为本文的标题最合适。
答案 B
．The underlined part “the energy mix had to be diversified”in Paragraph 5 implies ________.
A．energy had to be classified
B．different kinds of energy had to be mixed
C．a variety of energy had to be developed and used
D．a mixture of various energy was essential
解析 句意理解题。根据下文的“including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable energy(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal”可判断，画线部分的含义为“要开发和利用不同种类的能源”。
答案 C
．According to Pule Mokoena，________.
A．nuclear energy shouldn't be included into energy plans
B．focusing too much on the costs of green policies is shortsighted
C．green policies alone can solve the economic problems faced by South Africa
D．green polices have nothing to do with the use of the existing resources like coal
解析 推理判断题。根据第八段中的“Too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the long－term benefits”可推断选B项。
答案 B
．According to the text，the main reason for the adoption of green policies is that ________.
A．the existing resources are not efficiently used
B．green energy costs less to develop
C．green policies can solve the current energy crisis
D．green technology will stimulate demand for a range of goods and services
解析 细节理解题。根据全文尤其是最后一段，为了解决目前的能源危机，为了保持可持续发展，政府必须采取这一政策。
答案 CA,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last Tuesday.
The survey，published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well－developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．
The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，first－generation rich.Fifty－two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.
They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.
Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them.
“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”
The trend is led by the world's richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会)，and not to his children.
“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said.
Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage...they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”
【语篇解读】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。
．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance
B．rich parents don't equal rich kids，at least in the US
C．American children don't get to inherit their parents' wealth
D．poor children don't expect themselves to be as rich as their parents
解析 推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。
答案 B
．According to the survey，most rich Americans ________.
A．think they owe their children nothing
B．think it best to give their money back to society
C．doubt their children's ability to handle wealth
D. are confident of their children's ability to handle wealth
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。
答案 C
．The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 6 refers to ________.
A．responsible children
B．Bill Gates and his wife
C．first－generation rich
D．rich parents
解析 词义猜测题。富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给
下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the
wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。
答案 D
．From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show ________.
A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children
B．the positive impact of charity on society
C．the way of giving back to society
D．the importance of independence for children
解析 推理判断题。根据本段中比尔·盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。
答案 DA,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The multi－million pound new Library of Birmingham (LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.
Set to open in 2024，the￡188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre，with which it will share some equipment.
As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.
Brian Gambles，the LoB project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24－hour services which can be used through many different ways.It is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.”
The digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.
Even before the LoB is complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB，designed by Baden，the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.
Two other small Birmingham－based digital companies are also working on the LoB projects.Substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.It is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development.And The People's Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots，in
which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on
the material.
Gambles says：“Technology will enable us to make the library's content and services open to citizens as never before”
【语篇解读】 本文是一则资讯报道。即将落成的Library of Birmingham(LoB)将是伯明翰市接受日常生活数字化的标志。
1．The underlined part“its idea”in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of ________.
A．the equipment
B．the project
C．the digital media
