江苏省南京师范大学附属实验学校2024届高三英语语法专题复习讲义4
高三英语语法专题复习讲义（4）
Part 1高考高频短语（4）
1.（09江苏）---- I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __ .
----So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D. closed up
.（09江西）It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon B. look after C. look into D. look out
.（09海南）I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________
A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______
A. hearing
B strength
C. recognition
D. measure
5（10江西） Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
A average
B number
C amount
D quantity
6.（10山东）Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief
B. safety
C. defense
D. shelter
7（10天津）James took the magazines off the little table to make
for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
8（10江苏）The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
9（湖北）This restaurant has become popular for its wide
of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle
10. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide
for the homeless families.
A. accommodation
B. occupation
C. equipment
D. furniture.
Part 2 Grammar: Noun clause
Revision
1. One of the most important questions they had to consider was
of public health（09海南）
A. what
B. thisC. that
D. which
2. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of
he can react more appropriately on such occasions. （09上海）
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. （09四川）
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. （09天津）
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D. that
．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? （09天津）－No problem.
When
B. that
C. whether
D. what
We should consider the students’ request _the school library provide more books on popular science.（09重庆）
A. that B. when
C. which
D. where
7.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. （09江苏）
A. as B. that C. which D. what. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother. （09山东）
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. who
I What he wants is a book.
It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.
I’m so glad that I can make friends with you.
This is why he did it.
Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?
That he wants a book is certain.
I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.
Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much.
He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well.
The problem is whether you can sing it well.
The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.
Please tell me who your monitor is.
2.在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句.名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介词的宾语）
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is
saying.
The teacher asked ______ I was getting on with my classmates.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. if
We thought ______ strange that she
didn’t come yesterday.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. what
2）主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
Whether he will be able to come
is not yet known .
Why they have not left yet is unclear.
Whoever comes is welcome.
It’s uncertain whether / if he will succeed.
It was good news that every one got back early.
______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A.What
B. Who
C. Whatever
D. Whoever
______I can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy.
A.Where
B.What
C.That
D.How
It’s not clear ________ was responsible for the accident.
A.Who
B.What
C.How
D.That
3）表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后
______________________________________________________________________________________
The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.
My question is whether Polly can find her way home.
The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd.
Note
1.The reason _______ we didn't trust him is ______ he has often lied．
★如果主语为reason, 表语从句连词只能用__________________.
2. 他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.__________________________________________________________
★如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice.order,demand, proposal, 等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略.
1.This is ______ she was born.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
2.The question is ______ we can’t go there today.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
3.The reason he has made such great progress is _______ he has never wasted his time.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. what
4.My advice is that he ______ school by bike.
A. go to
B. would go to
C. goes to
D. went to
5.___ she couldn’t understand was ___fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A.What; why
B. That; what
C. What; because
D. Why; that
4）同位语从句.在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（ idea / belief / fact / truth / problem / news/doubt 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明
______________________________________________________________+ V谓语+…….
The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity.
The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.
I have no idea when she will be back .
We all know the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun.
A. that
B. which
C. what D. whether
We heard the news ______ our team had won.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
A. which
B. that
C. whether
D. if
There’s a feeling in me_______we’ll never know what a UFO is-----not ever.
A.that
B.which
C. of which
D.what
It remains a question ______ we can get so much money in such a short time.
A.how
B. that
C. when
D. what
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.
The information that he gave at the meeting is of great value.
The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.
He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.
定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
二．名词性从句连接词的用法
1. 引导名词性从句的连接词：可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why
2. 名词性从句连接词的选用
that 和what 的选用
1)______ he wants is a book.
2)______
he wants to go there is obvious. 3).The result is ______ we won the game.
4).This is _____ we want to know. 5).Is _____ he told us true ?
6).We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7). I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8). I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
if 和whether 的选用 I asked her __________ she had a bike. ________
we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. The question is _________ he should do it. The doctor can hardly answer the question________ the old man will recover soon. I don’t know _______ to go.
1: _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
2: What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when
B. how
C. whether
D. why
3: It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
只用whether,不能使用if 的情况： a. 引导主语从句,且位于句首(it 用作形式主语 时可用if引导) b.引导表语从句c.引导同位语从句
e. 介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.
g. whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if. h. if引起歧义时
连接副词：when, where, how, why.
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确地选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
________ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
I have no idea _________ he looks like. This is _________ I left my glasses.
2.名词性从句的其他问题
1）名词性从句的语序问题：疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。
例1.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (NMET2000)
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
例. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? (NMET1990)
A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
2 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
It is necessary that a college student ______at least a foreign language. (上海1993)
A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master
(1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气"(should) +do",常用的句型有:
I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...
II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that...
III. It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...如: It is strange that she (should) think so.
(2) 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如:
I insist that she (should) do her work alone.
